Interoperable and open

Systematic review

the problem of too many systematic reviews

88 days after WHO named Covid-19

88 systematic reviews on Covid-19 (Naumann 2021)

the solution

Cochrane’s Covid-19 living evidence synthesis (Boutron et al. 2020)

practical obstacle

sharing data for future & living evidence synthesis

lack of standardisation of databases

Human-readable

farming_production_system n
Cropped fields (arable) 196
Not described 148
Livestock 41
Livestock ||| Cropped fields (arable) 37
Cropped fields (arable) ||| Grassland 29
Cropped fields (arable) ||| Corn 18
Cropped fields (arable) ||| Wheat 17
Grassland 14
Cropped fields (arable) ||| Maize 13
Cropped fields (arable) ||| Winter wheat 12

Machine-readable

## # A tibble: 13,358 x 5
##     item_id short_title  title                         category      subcategory
##       <dbl> <chr>        <chr>                         <chr>         <chr>      
##  1 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… studydesign   observatio…
##  2 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… spatialscale  catchment  
##  3 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… spatialscale  regional   
##  4 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… measurementq… Q1         
##  5 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… measurementq… Q2         
##  6 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… farmingsystem notdescrib…
##  7 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… farmingprodu… notdescrib…
##  8 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… vegetationty… notdescrib…
##  9 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… striplocation riparian   
## 10 20641367 Aaron (2005) Invertebrate Biodiversity in… stripmanagem… notdescrib…
## # … with 13,348 more rows

Toolchains

pivoted_bufferstrips <-
pivot_longer(
  data = bufferstrips,
  cols = -c(1:12, 15, 16),
  names_to = c("category", "subcategory"),
  names_sep = "_",
  values_drop_na = TRUE
) %>%
  select(-value) %>%
  janitor::clean_names()

pivoted_bufferstrips %>%
  select(1,2,3,15, 16)

Contributing

References

Boutron, Isabelle, Anna Chaimani, Joerg J. Meerpohl, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, Declan Devane, Gabriel Rada, David Tovey, Giacomo Grasselli, and Philippe Ravaud. 2020. “The COVID- NMA Project: Building an Evidence Ecosystem for the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Annals of Internal Medicine 173 (12): 1015–17. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-5261.

Naumann, David. Letter. 2021. “Too Many Systematic Reviews for a Disease That Has Existed for a Few Months,” January 20, 2021. https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1847/rr-3.